第三講：實用五句法技巧(下)
3.豐富名詞的意思
有時寫文章的時候，會把同一個物體放在不同的句子中，在英作中這是很糟的。在英作中，要盡量會聚關於同一個物體的相關描述。要這樣做，大概有三種技巧：
一、利用verb-to-be的單句：其實這些單句所指的內容可以被改成形容詞/詞組。
例1：原句：We watched a movie in a cinema. The cinema was our favorite one.
組合後：We watched a movie in our favorite cinema.
例2：原句：He went to swim in Cheung Sha Beach. Cheung Sha Beach is the most beautiful beach on Lantau Island.
組合後：He went to swim in Cheung Sha beach- the most beautiful beach on Lantau Island.
二、一句描述性質，另一句描述動作：在英文中，動作是比較重要的，所以簡單的物件性質應放在「動作」句中。若在句前，可以用雙逗號隔開(寫成adverbial)；若在句尾，可以用who / that / which 加上性質。
例3：原句：The driver was driving under the influence of alcohol. He crashed his car into a wall.
連起後：The driver, under the influence of alcohol, crashed his car into a wall.
或：Under the influence of alcohol, the driver crashed his car into a wall.
例4：原句：Hooligans set fire to shops. The shops were on either side of the main street.
連起後：Hooligans set fire to shops that were on either side of the main street.
例5：原句：My aunt hates cats. She is living on the other side of the street.
連起後：My aunt, who is living on the other side of the street, hates cats.
三、兩句不同的句子，但中心都圍繞著同一個物體：如此寫法不甚好，稱為”shift of focus”「焦點轉移」。若沒有特殊目的，就應避免轉移焦點，並盡量加入有關主詞的含意。
例6：原句：The Legislative Council will debate on the proposal to raise bus fare. Most people are against the proposal.
連起後：The proposal to raise bus fare, which is not supported by most people, will be on Legislative Council’s agenda.
或：The proposal to raise bus fare, to be debated in the Legislative Council, is not supported by most people.
4.以副詞/副詞組開首的句子
一般議論文都會用上以副詞開首的句子，因為這樣可以增強前文後理的連接。
例7：Thus, we cannot ignore the possible effects of global warming.
如果文中太多「所以」，可以轉用 Therefore, So, And so
副詞組可以豐富動作的含意，使句意完整。
例8：原文：We are surprised by his reaction. Then we burst into laughter.
改副詞組：Surprised by his reaction, we burst into laughter.
Adverb 副詞是一個艱難的課題，在此不作詳述。
5.複合句
會考程度不要求太多的複合句，亦有既定的形式，不宜作太長的句。在此亦不作詳述，只作個範例。
例9：原文：My son was playing with Sam’s cigarette lighter. I notice him doing that. Then I jumped to stop him.
連起：I jumped to stop my son when I noticed that he was playing with Sam’s cigarette lighter.
翻譯：當我發現兒子在玩弄Sam的打火機，我跳出去阻止他。
有幾句有些(老字號)補習社會推薦給會考生的複合句，是相當好用的，而且相當優雅，在此分享一例：
例10：Evidence shows that the economy is recovering and regaining momentum after financial tsunami hit Hong Kong over 10 months ago.
句式：結構：Evidence shows that <事件1> after <事件2>.
翻譯：自<事件2>以來，(現在)有證據(evidence)顯示<事件1>。
即：自十多月前金融風暴襲港以來，有證據顯示經濟正在復甦及重拾動力。
